Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Larvicidal Activity of Isodon japonicus var. glaucocalyx (Maxim.) H.W.Li Essential Oil to Aedes aegypti L. and its Chemical Composition

Xin Chao Liu¹, Qi Yong Liu², Ligang Zhou³, Zhi Long Liu¹

¹Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193; ²State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206; ³Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China.

For correspondence:- Zhi Liu Email: zhilongliu@cau.edu.cn Tel:+861062732800

Received: 29 January 2014 Accepted: 24 July 2014 Published: 24 September 2014

Citation: Liu XC, Liu QY, Zhou L, Liu ZL. Larvicidal Activity of Isodon japonicus var. glaucocalyx (Maxim.) H.W.Li Essential Oil to Aedes aegypti L. and its Chemical Composition. Trop J Pharm Res 2014; 13(9):1471-1476 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v13i9.13

© 2014 The authors.
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Abstract

Purpose: To determine the larvicidal activity of the essential oil derived from Isodon japonicus var. glaucocalyx (Maxim.) H.W.Li (Labiatae) aerial parts at flowering stage against the larvae of Aedes aegypti L.

Methods: The essential oil of I. japonicus var. glaucocalyx aerial parts was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromaotography-mas spectrometry (GC-MS). The activity of the essential oil was evaluated, using World Health Organization (WHO) procedures, against the fourth larvae of A. aegypti for 24 h, and larval mortality recorded at various essential oil concentrations ranging from 12.5 - 200 μg/mL.

Results: A total of 34 components of the essential oil of I. japonicus var. glaucocalyx were identified. The principal compounds of the essential oil were thujone (9.65 %), morillol (8.14 %), caryophyllene oxide (7.68 %), β-caryophyllene (7.60 %), α-terpineol (7.22 %), 1,8-cineole (7.09 %), linalool (5.56 %), Z-caryophyllene (5.10 %) and γ-eudesmol (4.71 %). The essential oil exhibited larvicidal activity against A. aegypti with a median lethal concentration (LC₅₀) of 40.82 μg/mL.

Conclusion: The findings indicate that the essential oil of I. japonicus var. glaucocalyx aerial parts has potentials for use in the control of A. aegypti larvae and may be useful in the search for newer, safer and more effective natural compounds for use as larvicides.

Keywords: Isodon japonicus var. glaucocalyx, Aedes aegypti, Larvicidal activity, Mosquito, Essential oil